Long-Term Effects of Nasoalveolar Molding on Three-Dimensional Nasal Shape in Unilateral Clefts

1999 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 391-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deirdre J. Maull ◽  
Barry H. Grayson ◽  
Court B. Cutting ◽  
Larry L. Brecht ◽  
Fred L. Bookstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Nasoalveolar Molding

Long-Term Effects of Nasoalveolar Molding on Three-Dimensional Nasal Shape in Unilateral Clefts

1999 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 391-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deirdre J. Maull ◽  
Barry H. Grayson ◽  
Court B. Cutting ◽  
Larry L. Brecht ◽  
Fred L. Bookstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Asymmetry Index ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Nasoalveolar Molding

Objective: This objective of this study was to determine the effect of presurgical nasoalveolar molding on long-term nasal shape in complete unilateral clefts. Design: The study was retrospective, and the subjects were chosen at random. Nasal casts of the subjects were scanned in three dimensions. Each nose was best fit to its mirror image, and a numerical asymmetry score was determined. Setting: All patients were treated at the Institute of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, NYU Medical Center, New York, New York. Patients: The study subjects (n = 10) were selected from a group that had undergone presurgical nasal molding in conjunction with alveolar molding. The control subjects (n = 10) were selected from a group that had undergone presurgical alveolar molding alone. Interventions: All subjects underwent presurgical orthopedic treatment until the age of approximately 4 months at which time the primary surgery was performed. Main Outcome Measure: The nasal shape following nasal molding should be more symmetrical than if molding had not been done. Results: The mean asymmetry index for the nasoalveolar molding group was 0.74, and the control group was 1.21. This difference was statistically significant (p < .05). Conclusions: Presurgical nasoalveolar molding significantly increases the symmetry of the nose. The increase in symmetry is maintained long term into early childhood. The limitations of this study include (1) asymmetry alone is not an adequate shape result in most situations, (2) the children evaluated in this study were not fully grown, and (3) the control group was not age matched.

Custom Presurgical Planning for Midfacial Reconstruction

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (06) ◽  
pp. 696-702
Author(s):  
Nolan B. Seim ◽  
Enver Ozer ◽  
Sasha Valentin ◽  
Amit Agrawal ◽  
Mead VanPutten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Free Tissue Transfer ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Presurgical Planning ◽  
Dental Rehabilitation ◽  
Midface Reconstruction ◽  
Reconstructive Algorithm

AbstractResection and reconstruction of midface involve complex ablative and reconstructive tools in head and oncology and maxillofacial prosthodontics. This region is extraordinarily important for long-term aesthetic and functional performance. From a reconstructive standpoint, this region has always been known to present challenges to a reconstructive surgeon due to the complex three-dimensional anatomy, the variable defects created, combination of the medical and dental functionalities, and the distance from reliable donor vessels for free tissue transfer. Another challenge one faces is the unique features of each individual resection defect as well as individual patient factors making each preoperative planning session and reconstruction unique. Understanding the long-term effects on speech, swallowing, and vision, one should routinely utilize a multidisciplinary approach to resection and reconstruction, including head and neck reconstructive surgeons, prosthodontists, speech language pathologists, oculoplastic surgeons, dentists, and/or craniofacial teams as indicated and with each practice pattern. With this in mind, we present our planning and reconstructive algorithm in midface reconstruction, including a dedicated focus on dental rehabilitation via custom presurgical planning.

Long-term Effects of Femoral Derotation Osteotomies: An Evaluation Using Three-Dimensional Gait Analysis

2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Õunpuu ◽  
Peter DeLuca ◽  
Roy Davis ◽  
Mark Romness
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Long Term Effects

scholarly journals Land in urban debates: Unpacking the grab–development dichotomy

Urban Studies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 855-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Femke van Noorloos ◽  
Christien Klaufus ◽  
Griet Steel
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Land Grab ◽  
Urban Transition ◽  
Land Acquisitions ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Infrastructure Investments

On the heels of the rural ‘land grab’ debate, the ongoing urban transition combined with large-scale urban infrastructure investments and land scarcity forces us to also pay more attention to issues of land in urban discussions. Yet how can we conceptualise land-related problems in order to connect and integrate rural and urban debates in overarching discussions of development? In this commentary, we argue for moving beyond the directly visible outcomes and presumed ‘culprits’ of land investments by critically analysing indirect and long-term effects of land acquisitions on people’s livelihoods as well as the differentiation of these effects for different actors. We propose three specific arguments to disentangle the grab–development dichotomy: 1) placing a focus on the sequential chain of effects of displacement; 2) paying more attention to the ambivalent roles and contradictory interests of different actors; and 3) taking the three-dimensional aspects of land development into account.

Evaluation Model: Effects from Ocean Garbage Patch to Ocean Environment

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 150-154
Author(s):  
Ting Ting Wang ◽  
Yuan Biao Zhang ◽  
Zhi Ning Liang ◽  
Wei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ocean Water ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Plastic Debris ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Ocean Environment ◽  
Three Dimensional Coordinate

Through the introduction of food chain, our paper analyzed the short and long-term effects that ocean garbage patch provided to ocean environment. We used plastic density, quality of ocean water and the ratio of organisms eating plastic to examine effects of plastic debris. We described effect as a three-dimensional vector and creatively employed the three dimensional coordinate and sphere to explain the effects. Finally, we put forward some feasible measures to relieve the problem.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional printed upper-limb prostheses lack randomised controlled trials: A systematic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura E Diment ◽  
Mark S Thompson ◽  
Jeroen HM Bergmann
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Upper Limb Prostheses ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Background: Three-dimensional printing provides an exciting opportunity to customise upper-limb prostheses. Objective: This review summarises the research that assesses the efficacy and effectiveness of three-dimensional printed upper-limb prostheses. Study design: Systematic review. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science and OVID were systematically searched for studies that reported human trials of three-dimensional printed upper-limb prostheses. The studies matching the language, peer-review and relevance criteria were ranked by level of evidence and critically appraised using the Downs and Black Quality Index. Results: After removing duplicates, 321 records were identified. Eight papers met the inclusion criteria. No studies used controls; five were case studies and three were small case-series studies. All studies showed promising results, but none demonstrated external validity, avoidance of bias or statistically significant improvements over conventional prostheses. The studies demonstrated proof-of-concept rather than assessing efficacy, and the devices were designed to prioritise reduction of manufacturing costs, not customisability for comfort and function. Conclusion: The potential of three-dimensional printing for individual customisation has yet to be fully realised, and the efficacy and effectiveness to be rigorously assessed. Until randomised controlled trials with follow-up are performed, the comfort, functionality, durability and long-term effects on quality of life remain unknown. Clinical relevance Initial studies suggest that three-dimensional printing shows promise for customising low-cost upper-limb prosthetics. However, the efficacy and effectiveness of these devices have yet to be rigorously assessed. Until randomised controlled trials with follow-up are performed, the comfort, functionality, durability and long-term effects on patient quality of life remain unknown.

Ovarian Dysfunction in Fetally Irradiated Beagles

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 658-659
Author(s):  
T. M. Seed ◽  
M. H. Sanderson ◽  
D. L. Gutzeit ◽  
T. E. Fritz ◽  
D. V. Tolle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Ovarian Dysfunction ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Ovarian Pathology ◽  
Normal Offspring

The developing mammalian fetus is thought to be highly sensitive to ionizing radiation. However, dose, dose-rate relationships are not well established, especially the long term effects of protracted, low-dose exposure. A previous report (1) has indicated that bred beagle bitches exposed to daily doses of 5 to 35 R 60Co gamma rays throughout gestation can produce viable, seemingly normal offspring. Puppies irradiated in utero are distinguishable from controls only by their smaller size, dental abnormalities, and, in adulthood, by their inability to bear young.We report here our preliminary microscopic evaluation of ovarian pathology in young pups continuously irradiated throughout gestation at daily (22 h/day) dose rates of either 0.4, 1.0, 2.5, or 5.0 R/day of gamma rays from an attenuated 60Co source. Pups from non-irradiated bitches served as controls. Experimental animals were evaluated clinically and hematologically (control + 5.0 R/day pups) at regular intervals.

Practical electron tomography

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 742-743
Author(s):  
C.L. Woodcock
Keyword(s):  
Electron Tomography ◽  
Tomographic Reconstruction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Shape ◽  
Computational Resources ◽  
Shape Of Particles

Despite the potential of the technique, electron tomography has yet to be widely used by biologists. This is in part related to the rather daunting list of equipment and expertise that are required. Thanks to continuing advances in theory and instrumentation, tomography is now more feasible for the non-specialist. One barrier that has essentially disappeared is the expense of computational resources. In view of this progress, it is time to give more attention to practical issues that need to be considered when embarking on a tomographic project. The following recommendations and comments are derived from experience gained during two long-term collaborative projects.Tomographic reconstruction results in a three dimensional description of an individual EM specimen, most commonly a section, and is therefore applicable to problems in which ultrastructural details within the thickness of the specimen are obscured in single micrographs. Information that can be recovered using tomography includes the 3D shape of particles, and the arrangement and dispostion of overlapping fibrous and membranous structures.

Ultrastructural investigations of MDL 19,660-induced effects on the canine platelet and megakaryocyte

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-375
Author(s):  
D.E. Loudy ◽  
J. Sprinkle-Cavallo ◽  
J.T. Yarrington ◽  
F.Y. Thompson ◽  
J.P. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Antidepressant Drug ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Induced Aggregation ◽  
Internal Architecture

Previous short term toxicological studies of one to two weeks duration have demonstrated that MDL 19,660 (5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,4-dihydro-2,4-dimethyl-3Hl, 2,4-triazole-3-thione), an antidepressant drug, causes a dose-related thrombocytopenia in dogs. Platelet counts started to decline after two days of dosing with 30 mg/kg/day and continued to decrease to their lowest levels by 5-7 days. The loss in platelets was primarily of the small discoid subpopulation. In vitro studies have also indicated that MDL 19,660: does not spontaneously aggregate canine platelets and has moderate antiaggregating properties by inhibiting ADP-induced aggregation. The objectives of the present investigation of MDL 19,660 were to evaluate ultrastructurally long term effects on platelet internal architecture and changes in subpopulations of platelets and megakaryocytes.Nine male and nine female beagle dogs were divided equally into three groups and were administered orally 0, 15, or 30 mg/kg/day of MDL 19,660 for three months. Compared to a control platelet range of 353,000- 452,000/μl, a doserelated thrombocytopenia reached a maximum severity of an average of 135,000/μl for the 15 mg/kg/day dogs after two weeks and 81,000/μl for the 30 mg/kg/day dogs after one week.

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